Từ Vựng & Gợi Ý IELTS Writing Task 2 - Topic: SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

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TỪ VỰNG IELTS WRITING TASK 2 - CHỦ ĐỀ: SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH

Play the leading role in something: Đóng một vai trò dẫn đầu trong việc gì đó
To be instrumental in (doing) something: đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc thực hiện một việc gì đó
To be the key to something: Là nguyên nhân chính cho cái gì đó
To develop vaccines against potential epidemics: Phát triển vắc xin cho các bệnh dịch
To deal with something: Giải quyết vấn đề gì đó
To minimize the risk of something: Giảm thiểu rủi ro cho cái gì đó
To begin the era of something: Bắt đầu kỉ nguyên của cái gì đó
To facilitate modern forms of interaction: Làm phát triển những loại hình tương tác hiện đại
To conduct/carry out scientific investigations: Tiến hành sự điều tra về khoa học
To make/ achieve scientific breakthroughs: đạt được những đột phá khoa học
To lead a better life: sống một cuộc sống tốt đẹp hơn
To boost a country’s future development and progress: Đẩy mạnh sự phát triển trong tương lai của một quốc gia
The advent of modern science: Sự xuất hiện của khoa học hiện đại
Electrical and computer-based technology: Công nghệ điện tử máy tính
More streamlined and efficient workplaces: Nơi làm việc hiệu quả và tiết kiệm hơn
Greater efficiency and higher productivity output: Hiệu suất công việc tốt hơn và năng suất đầu ra cao hơn
Ease the planet’s reliance on fossil fuels: Giảm dần sự phụ thuộc vào năng lượng hóa thạch
The main measure of a country’s progress: Thước đo chính cho sự phát triển của một quốc gia
Leading figures: người dẫn đầu trong một lĩnh vực cụ thể
Cutting-edge technology: công nghệ hiện đại, tiên tiến nhất
Developing countries: quốc gia đang phát triển
Be predisposed to illegal activities: dễ bị cám dỗ bởi những hoạt động phạm pháp
The common good: lợi ích chung của tất cả mọi người
Be entitled to do something: được quyền
Join forces: góp sức

MỘT SỐ ĐỀ BÀI LIÊN QUAN ĐẾN CHỦ ĐỀ SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH - IELTS WRITING TASK 2

Topic 1: Scientific research should be carried out and controlled by governments rather than private companies. Do you agree or disagree?
Topic 2: Scientific research should be funded by governments rather than commercial organizations. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
Topic 3: While some argue that scientific research should be carried out and controlled by governments, others believe that this should be done by private companies. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.
Topic 4: Some argue that scientific research should be carried out and controlled by governments, while others believe this should be done by private companies. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

GỢI Ý TRẢ LỜI CHỦ ĐỀ TECHNOLOGY - IELTS WRITING TASK 2

1. Scientific research should be carried out and controlled by governments rather than private companies. To what extent do you agree or disagree?

Model Answer 1:

At present, scientific research across the world is carried out and controlled sometimes by governments, sometimes by private companies. While there are some arguments favouring scientific research by corporations, I agree that this should be funded and supervised by the state.

The private sector argues that it is willing to undertake scientific research, but there are two significant dangers in this. In terms of the quality and objectivity of the research itself, corporations that carry this out may be tempted to manipulate results in order to maximize profits. There have been numerous scandals as a result of new products being introduced hurriedly after inadequate trials. For example, thalidomide, developed by a German drug company, resulted in the birth of thousands of malformed children. From an ethical perspective, leaving research into areas such as genetic engineering in the hands of corporations may have profound social consequences -such as GM crops, with unproven effects which may destroy whole ecosystems as a result of meddling with nature.

Although governments have to allocate resources to many areas of public spending, it is essential that they be responsible for scientific research. Firstly, the highest standards can be set by providing funding for university departments to carry out high-quality research designed to benefit society, not to break into new markets or to gain a competitive edge. Knowledge thus gained can be shared worldwide throughout the academic community. Secondly, government-decision making is the best way to prioritize expenditure on specific areas of research, taking into consideration the needs of society, both present and future. One example is the development of renewable energy to meet growing demands.

In conclusion, I agree strongly with the view that governments should bear sole responsibility for scientific research.

(286 words)

Model Answer 2:

Scientific research plays an important role in the development of humanity. Some people think that the responsibility for conducting and managing it should be taken by governments, and not by private companies. Personally, I believe that both governments and private businesses should have the right and duty to carry out research.

I believe that governments should play the leading role in performing research due to a number of reasons. Firstly, scientific research is the key to finding solutions to the pressing concerns of society. Thorough medical research, for example, needs to be conducted by governments to develop vaccines against potential epidemics. Research into renewable energies is also crucial to deal with global warming. These kinds of research require a great deal of spending, which can only be afforded by the government. In addition, scientific studies controlled by governments will ensure that reliable and ethical methods are used, and minimize the risk of these studies being used for criminal activity. For instance, studies related to nuclear power or weapons must be carried out or supervised by governmental organizations to protect a country from terrorism or other warfare.

However, private companies can do research which is not carried out by governments. In fact, many useful scientific discoveries have been made by private institutions. To illustrate, the invention of the iPhone by Apple, a corporation in the US, began the era of smartphones and facilitated modern forms of interaction between people all over the world. Furthermore, encouraging profit-driven companies to conduct scientific investigations will help them develop their own products and create competition in the marketplace. Society will therefore benefit from new inventions and better products.

In conclusion, although governments should control and carry out major scientific studies, private companies should not be deprived of the right to do research.

(297 words)

2. Some argue that scientific research should be carried out and controlled by governments, while others believe this should be done by private companies. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.

Model Answer:

It is argued that it is better for scientific research to be conducted by the states instead of private entities. From my standpoint, although governments prioritize the public’s benefits, I believe that private companies have better means to do so.

On the one hand, it is justifiable for people to advocate governments undertaking scientific research. In fact, the purpose of this research is to make scientific breakthroughs to make sure that each citizen can lead a better life. Therefore, this is the responsibility of governments and as they are not profit-oriented, they prioritize the public’s benefits. For example, when developing a vaccine is carried out and supervised by governing bodies, safety procedures are strictly followed to make the best products for the public, while private companies tend to do it more quickly to gain more profit. However, my view is that doing scientific research is prohibitively expensive, whereas the national budget is limited and therefore should be prioritized to other essential sectors such as healthcare and education.

On the other hand, I believe that it is more worthwhile for private companies to be in charge of scientific research. For one thing, they are affluent enough to employ leading figures in this respect around the world to lead their scientific projects. For another, they also possess cutting-edge technology, which is instrumental in the success of their discovery process. These things are usually hardly available in governing bodies, especially in developing countries. Although opponents of this scheme argue that private agencies are more predisposed to illegal activities to gain more profit, it is this source of return that motivates more individual businesses to innovate in their research and bring more values to the common good.

In conclusion, despite the honorable mission of the states to serve the public, I feel that they do not have enough resources to be dominant in scientific research. Therefore, on balance, private entities should be entitled to join forces in the research and contribute to society.

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