Tổng hợp list từ vựng buộc phải biết trong IELTS Writing Task 1 (Phần 4)

Tiếp nối chuỗi bài viết Tổng hợp list từ vựng buộc phải biết trong IELTS Writing Task 1 Phần 1 ,Phần 2, và Phần 3, ở bài viết này, JOLO English tiếp tục cung cấp list tính từ và trạng từ miêu tả sự biến động nhanh của biểu đồ giúp bạn viết Task 1 Writing một cách hiệu quả và linh hoạt

tong-hop-tu-vung-ielts-writing

Tính từ

Rapid, Quick, Sharp, Swift, Sudden, Wild
Steady, Gradual, Moderate
Slow, Gentle

Trạng từ

Rapidly, Quickly, Sharply, Swiftly, Suddenly, Wildly
Steadily, Gradually, Moderately
Slowly, Gently

Các từ vựng khác nhau diễn tả mức độ biến động của biểu đồ

Tính từ

Significant, Huge, Enormous, Steep, Substantial, Considerable, Marked, Dramatic, Abrupt.
Moderate, Slight
Minimum (singular), Minima (plural)

Trạng từ

Significantly, Hugely, Enormously, Steeply, Substantially, Considerably, Markedly, Dramatically, Abruptly
Moderately, Slightly
Minimally

Từ vựng miêu tả sơ đồ:

Ví dụ 1:The map below is of the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket (S) is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Ví dụ 2: The two maps below show an island, before and after the construction of some tourist facilities.

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.

Horizontal, Vertical.Circle, Square, Rectangle
Across, Across from
Under, Over, Inside, Beside, On top of, Adjacent, Opposite, Next to
Along, Through, As far as
Midpoint, Halfway, In the middle
Intersection, Overlapping
Exterior
Parallel to, Parallel, Perpendicular to
Edge, Diagonal
In front of the, Behind the
To the right, To the left
On the right-hand side, On the left-hand side
North, South, East, West
Northern, Southern, Eastern, Western
To the north, To the East
Where
In which, To which, From which
Built, Erected, Replaced.Situated, Located
Changed to/ Converted/ Gave way to/ Became
While in 2001, it was ......, later, it was converted to ......

Từ vựng miêu tả một quá trình

Trong phần mở đầu, bạn có thể viết theo dạng sau:

The diagram/ picture/ flow/ chart depicts/ illustrates/ describes the process of/ how....

Để miêu tả quá trình, từ vựng bạn sử dụng:

First/ Firstly, Second/ Secondly, Third/Thirdly ......
Next/ After that/ Then, Following that/Followed by, Subsequently/ Subsequent to that, Finally/ Lastly…
Where/ From where/ After which/ After that/ Afterward…
When/ As soon as/ Immediately, Just after that...
At the beginning, In the end, Just after the beginning, Just before the end.

Để kết thúc 1 bước, bạn viết:

After this step/ stage/ process…
Once this stage/ step is completed…

Một bước trong quá trình có liên quan đến điều gì, bạn có thể viết:

The phase/ step/ stage involved…

Khi một quá trình lặp lại nhiều lần, bạn viết:

The cycle/ process then repeat itself.
The cycle/ process is then repeated

Từ vựng để diễn tả sự dự đoán

Một số biểu đồ và quá trình không chỉ liệt kê các số liệu hay dữ liệu mà còn đưa ra sự dự đoán trong tương lai. Ví dụ, biểu đồ đường diễn tả dân số của một quốc gia từ năm 1950 đến 2050 qua 100 năm. Như trong đề thi viết năm 2017, bạn phải mô tả dân số của quốc gia đó đến năm 2016. Đối với dân số năm 2017, bạn sẽ sử dụng thì tương lai đơn. Cuối cùng, dân số từ 2018 đến 2050 là sự dự đoán và chính vì vậy bạn nên sử dụng thì tương lai đơn trong bài viết. Hơn nữa, bạn cần sử dụng chính xác từ vựng miêu tả số liệu trong tương lai. Dưới đây là dạng mẫu câu bạn tham khảo:

It is predicted/ estimated/ projected/ forecasted/ expected/ anticipated that......... will ...........

Is /are predicted/ estimated/ projected/ forecasted/ expected/ anticipated to ............

It gives prediction/ estimation/ projection/ forecast of ..........

It ...... will .........

....... Will have ....... by ....... (year/month/decade).......

Từ vựng thể hiện giá trị và dữ liệu kết hợp trong 1 câu

Bạn không nên trình bày từng dữ liệu hay số liệu trong bài viết, thay vào đó thể hiện các điều dưới đây:

So sánh các dữ liệu với nhau
Sự tương phản giữa các số liệu
Điểm cao nhất
Điểm thấp nhất
Tổng thể biểu đồ

Tuy nhiên, để so sánh hay thể hiện sự tương phản giữa các dữ liệu, bạn cần đưa ra 1 số liệu làm mốc quy chiếu. Ví dụ trong câu sau: The British spent over eighty thousand Pounds on average which was twice than the spending of Americans and approximately quadruple than that of Irish, thì 80 thousand pounds là mốc quy chiếu.

Dưới đây là 1 danh sách từ vựng thể hiện những số liệu và ví dụ trong bài viết của bạn

Is/ was/ were: The percentage of foreign students was exactly ten in 2001 in this university and it rose three times in ten years.

Stand at/ Stood at: The percentages of males and females who opined that they should be allowed to get married at 21 stood at 14 and 16 in 1990 but witnessed a noticeable decline in 2010.

Exactly & As high as: The sale in March was exactly 400 and went up as high as 1100 in June.

Using (): In summer, the number of refrigerators sold (154) was far greater than the refrigerators sold (63) in winter.

Which:

From January to March the death case rose three times which was only 23 between October and December.
The temperature, which was 21 degrees C in March, climbed to 39 degrees C in mid-July.

Makes up: In the first decade, the population remained steady, which made up 2.8 million approximately, but it doubled in the next 30 years.

Constitutes: The initial expenditure, which constituted 280 USD, climbed rapidly and reached the peak during 2014.

Accounts for:

In June 2016. the number of Asian students enrolment in this university accounted for 45 which is estimated to be almost double in the next year.
The number of infected people, which accounts for nine, is markedly lower than the number of infected patients in the last month, which accounted for forty.

Từ vựng viết câu kết luận

To draw the conclusion: In conclusion / To conclude / On the whole.

To Summarize: In short / In brief / To sum up / In summary.

Tuy nhiên, theo một số giáo viên và người chấm thi, câu kết luận của bài viết nên mở đầu bằng các cụm từ sau:

Generally

Generally speaking

All in all

From the graphs, it is quite evident that

Ví dụ:

In conclusion, third world countries have improved their production sectors like garments, over the last 10 years whereas the first world countries have improved their technology and research sectors during the same period.
In brief, the overall sale of the company has improved in the last 5 years except 2005 when the sale reduced significantly due to retrenchment.
All in all, the process of building an IC is a complex one and involves more than eight steps to complete including the testing phase.
It is quite evident that the women employment progressed remarkably in the last decade and in some employment sectors women are well ahead of men.
To conclude, weather forecasting is a complex process and a great deal of technology is used to prepare and broadcast the reliable weather forecasting.

Tip: “In a nutshell” là cách thể hiện không trang trọng nên bạn tránh sử dụng nhé

tong-hop-tu-vung-writing-task-1

Để gây ấn thêm cho bài viết của mình, bạn có thể thay thế một số từ vựng bạn hay sử dụng bằng các cụm sau, chắc chắn giúp bạn đạt band điểm cao hơn:

Illustration: thay bằng - "diagram, chart."
As the diagrams suggest: thay cho - "As can be seen, According to the diagrams.
Illustrate: thay cho - "describe, show, present data on."
Trifling: - "small, insignificant."
Delineate: - "show, present, describe."
From this graph, it is quite evident that: - "In conclusion, In summary, In general."
The most possible ground: - "the most common reason."
Elaborate: - "describe, explain."
Nadir: - "the lowest point."
Apex/ Vertex: - "the highest point."
Soared: - " sharply increased."
Skyrocketed: - " very quickly increased.
Frantically: - "very quickly, very rapidly."
Slumped: - "quickly dropped."
Plummeted: - "quickly dropped."
Surged: - "went up, climbed, increased."
Deteriorate: - "fall."
Dip: - "fall, decline."
Dive: - "fall, drop."
Go into free-fall: - "fall, drop, decline, decrease."
Plummet, plunge, slum: - "fall, drop, decline."
Take a nosedive: - "reduce, drop, fall, decline."
Slide: - "drop, fall."
Decade: - "ten years."
Projected: - "predicted, forecasted, estimated."
Overwhelmingly: - "greatly, significantly."
Hardly: - "barely, merely,
At the onset it is clear: - "As can be seen from the graph."
Indicate: - "point out."
All in all: - "In summary, in conclusion."
Obtain: - "get."
Commence: can replace - "start".
In the interim: - "in the meantime."
Correct: - "right".
Inexpensive: - "cheap."
Depict: - "show."
Plateaued: - "remained the same."
Oscillate/ Vacillate/ Palpipate: - "fluctuate."
Declivity: - "drop, fall, decrease".
Acclivity: - "An upward slope, an upward trend, increase."
A steep fall: - "A quick fall".

Các từ vựng đảm bảo đạt band cao:

Plateau: Ở trạng thái ít hoặc không thay đổi của một quá trình -> The share price of the ACME company have plateaued out.

Dip: Giảm mạnh -> The employee satisfaction score then dipped in 2005 and remained at this level for the next three years.

Slump: Giảm bất ngờ -> The number of passengers then slumped and reached to only 2500 compared to four thousand in the previous year

Steep: sheer, sharp, abrupt, perpendicular -> The steep decline of the heavy drinkers contributed to the enhanced life expectancy in this country.

Substantial = notable, considerable, significant, marked: Nhiều, đáng kể -> A substantial number of these diploma holders did not finish their tertiary education.

Dramatic = significant, notable, noteworthy, remarkable, considerable, substantial -> The dramatic rise of the car use has polluted the air.

Gradual = step by step, slow but continuous, uniform, successive, progressive, steady, regular, even, consistent: Đều đều, ổn đinh, nhất quán -> The participation of women in these sectors gradually improved and in 2015, more than 38% women were employed in these job sectors.

Decline = Reduce, decrease, plummet, plunge, slump, shrink, fall off, lessen -> Investment in clean energy declined in the third world countries in 2005 while it actually doubled in most of the first world countries.

An upward trend: xu hướng tăng lên -> An upward trend in the number of club members was visible from 2005 to 2007 after which it actually dropped.

Respectively = Consecutively, sequentially: Lần lượt -> Car theft cases in Denmark, Sweden, UK and Japan were respectively 240, 210, 354 and 189 in January 2018.

Consecutively = Sequentially, progressively -> While the daily fast food consumption per person in the UK was 50 grams, it was 61, 32 and 25 grams in the USA, Sweden and China consecutively.

Apex: điểm cao nhất -> The price then increased noticeably and reached the apex in 2017.

Acclivity = ascent, climb, rise: Sự tăng lên -> The activity of the car ownership in Europe further developed and reached to 57% in 2011.

Declivity = A downward slope, decline, decrease: Sự giảm xuống, tuột dốc -> The declivity on the number of female members in 2011 was almost double than that of the previous year.

Remain stable = remaining constant, did not change: Giữ nguyên, không thay đổi -> The ratio of highly skilled professionals in the former country increased significantly but remained stable in the later one.

Plummet = Plunge, fall, decline, slump, nosedive, drop, decrease: Giảm sâu -> The ratio of unemployed youth, who have vocational education, plummeted in 2005 than that of two years earlier

Prevalent = Common, general, usual, prevailing, widespread, endemic, rampant -> The prevalence of the trend could be better understood if we compare the data with that of the last twenty years.

Stood at = To remain stable/ intact, to come to a stop: Đứng ở mốc -> The old hospital stood at the same position as it was five decades earlier but the free-space in front of it was converted to a car parking area.

Enumerate = Identify, itemise, list, summarise, recite, specify, quote, relate: Liệt kê ->The illustration enumerates how Australian Bureau of Meteorology collects up-to-the-minute information on the weather.

Radically = Completely, hurriedly, abruptly: Cấp tiến -> The technological advancement has radically changed the way employees used to work in their offices.

Positive development = Improvement, progress, stay forward, increase, grow, rise: Sự cải thiện, tăng lên -> The increasing number of female executives in the company is considered a positive development

Subsequent = Following, next, successive, succeeding -> Despite a hike at the beginning of the year, the oil price steadily declined in the subsequent months until June 2017.

Commence = Start, begin, set in motion, open, initiate, inauguarated: Sự bắt đầu -> The construction of the road was commenced at the beginning of 2001 and ended in 2003.

Plunge = Slump, plummet, shrink, fall off, decline, decrease, drop, reduce -> Employers' contribution to the fee for skill development courses has plunged to a great extent in the last decade, as the graph suggests

Surge = Increase, went higher, jump -> Duration of watching TV as a leisure activity surged among the elder people in Australia after 1998.

To dive = Fall, descent, plummet, plunge, nosedive, drop -> Consumption of word resources in some Asian countries, on the contrary, has dived after 2014.

Abrupt = Swift, sudden, instantaneous, hurried, startling, unanticipated, unexpected, rapid, speedy: Diễn tả nhanh chóng, bất ngờ -> The abrupt rise of the population in the early 21st century is contrasting to that of the beginning of the 18th century, as the data suggests.

Relative = Correlative, corresponding, parallel, reciprocal: Tương đương -> The academic performance and professional efficiency are somewhat relative to each other despite the presence of many other variables, according to the survey outcome.

Modest = Tolerable, adequate, moderate, fair, satisfactory, acceptable: Trung bình -> The wheat export then witnessed a modest decline and it affected the revenue earned in 2015.

Variation = Disparity, inequality, dissimilarity, difference, variety, diversification: Sự biến đổi -> It can be inferred from the given data that variationsin the pH values are sometimes detrimental.

Elucidate = Explain, make clear, clarify, throw/shed light on, explicate, annotate: Giải thích -> The line chart elucidates how much waste was recycled in the UK between 1990 and 2015.
Unravel = Untangle, clear up, disentangle, explain, straighten out, separate out: Chỉ ra, giải thích -> The data unravel the fact that the crime rate increases in the later decades despite some stringent initiatives from the law-enforcers.

Lưu ý: bạn chỉ nên sử dụng các từ trên khi hiểu nghĩa và đúng ngữ cảnh.

Hi vọng qua bài viết này, bạn đã nắm được list vocabulary cần thiết để đạt điểm cao trong Ielts Writing Task 1. Bạn cũng có thể tham khảo các phần trước của bài viết tại đây

Tổng hợp list từ vựng buộc phải biết trong IELTS Writing Task 1 (Phần 1)

Tổng hợp list từ vựng buộc phải biết trong IELTS Writing Task 1 (Phần 2)

Tổng hợp list từ vựng buộc phải biết trong IELTS Writing Task 1 (Phần 3)

Chúc bạn luyện thi IELTS thành công và đạt điểm cao trong kỳ thi sắp tới !

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